"ciesak" meaning in All languages combined

See ciesak on Wiktionary

Noun [Polish]

IPA: /ˈt͡ɕɛ.sak/
Rhymes: -ɛsak Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tesakъ. By surface analysis, ciosać + -ak. Doublet of ciosak (“stonemason's pickaxe”) and tasak (“cleaver”). Etymology templates: {{ety|pl|:inh|sla-pro:*tesakъ|:af<surf>|ciosać|-ak|doublet=ciosak<t:stonemason's pickaxe>,tasak<t:cleaver>|text=+|tree=1}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" }, { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "sire", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*teḱ-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*tetḱ-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*téśtei", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*testi", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "sla-pro" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "collective nouns", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "collective nouns", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-h₂", "lang" : "ine-pro", "pos" : "suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-éh₂", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "intransitive verbs", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yéti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-eh₂yéti", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ā́ˀtei", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-ati", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*tesàti", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "ciosać", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "ciosać", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "nominal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "person nouns", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "o-grade", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "is_duplicate" : true, "children" : [ ], "id" : "collective nouns", "status" : { "1" : "ine-pro", "id" : "collective nouns", "pos" : "suffix" }, "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-h₂", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-éh₂", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-kos", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-eh₂kos", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*-āˀkas", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*-akъ", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "-ak", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-ak", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" } ], "keyword_label" : "By surface analysis,", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix", "is_invisible" : "tree" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "ciesak", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="ciesak"> Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tesakъ. By surface analysis, ciosać + -ak. Doublet of ciosak (“stonemason's pickaxe”) and tasak (“cleaver”)., {{ety|pl|:inh|sla-pro:*tesakъ|:af<surf>|ciosać|-ak|doublet=ciosak<t:stonemason's pickaxe>,tasak<t:cleaver>|text=+|tree=1}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tesakъ. By surface analysis, ciosać + -ak. Doublet of ciosak (“stonemason's pickaxe”) and tasak (“cleaver”). Head templates: {{pl-noun|m-in}} ciesak m inan Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-m-in|ciesa|k|a}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], ciesak [nominative, singular], ciesaki [nominative, plural], ciesaka [genitive, singular], ciesaków [genitive, plural], ciesakowi [dative, singular], ciesakom [dative, plural], ciesak [accusative, singular], ciesaki [accusative, plural], ciesakiem [instrumental, singular], ciesakami [instrumental, plural], ciesaku [locative, singular], ciesakach [locative, plural], ciesaku [singular, vocative], ciesaki [plural, vocative]
  1. (woodworking) adze Tags: inanimate, masculine Synonyms: cieślica, ciosła, cioska
{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*tesakъ",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tesakъ"
    ],
    [
      "ciosać",
      "ciosać#Polish"
    ],
    [
      "-ak",
      "-ak#Polish"
    ],
    [
      "ciosak",
      "ciosak#Polish"
    ],
    [
      "tasak",
      "tasak#Polish"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "sla-pro:*tesakъ",
        "4": ":af<surf>",
        "5": "ciosać",
        "6": "-ak",
        "doublet": "ciosak<t:stonemason's pickaxe>,tasak<t:cleaver>",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"sire\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*teḱ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*tetḱ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*téśtei\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*testi\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ā́ˀtei\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ati\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*tesàti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"ciosać\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"ciosać\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"person nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂kos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-āˀkas\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-akъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ak\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ak\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"By surface analysis,\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\", \"is_invisible\" : \"tree\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"ciesak\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"ciesak\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *tesakъ. By surface analysis, ciosać + -ak. Doublet of ciosak (“stonemason's pickaxe”) and tasak (“cleaver”).",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "sla-pro:*tesakъ",
        "4": ":af<surf>",
        "5": "ciosać",
        "6": "-ak",
        "doublet": "ciosak<t:stonemason's pickaxe>,tasak<t:cleaver>",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tesakъ. By surface analysis, ciosać + -ak. Doublet of ciosak (“stonemason's pickaxe”) and tasak (“cleaver”).",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tesakъ. By surface analysis, ciosać + -ak. Doublet of ciosak (“stonemason's pickaxe”) and tasak (“cleaver”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesaka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesaków",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesakowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesakom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesakiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesakami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesaku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesakach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesaku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "ciesak m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "cie‧sak"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "cie‧sak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ciesa",
        "2": "k",
        "3": "a"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ak",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Tools",
          "orig": "pl:Tools",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Woodworking",
          "orig": "pl:Woodworking",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "adze"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciesak-pl-noun-ghFRJXYN",
      "links": [
        [
          "woodworking",
          "woodworking"
        ],
        [
          "adze",
          "adze"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(woodworking) adze"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "cieślica"
        },
        {
          "word": "ciosła"
        },
        {
          "word": "cioska"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "arts",
        "business",
        "carpentry",
        "construction",
        "crafts",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "manufacturing",
        "woodworking"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡ɕɛ.sak/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛsak"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciesak"
}
{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*tesakъ",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tesakъ"
    ],
    [
      "ciosać",
      "ciosać#Polish"
    ],
    [
      "-ak",
      "-ak#Polish"
    ],
    [
      "ciosak",
      "ciosak#Polish"
    ],
    [
      "tasak",
      "tasak#Polish"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "sla-pro:*tesakъ",
        "4": ":af<surf>",
        "5": "ciosać",
        "6": "-ak",
        "doublet": "ciosak<t:stonemason's pickaxe>,tasak<t:cleaver>",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"sire\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*teḱ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*tetḱ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*téśtei\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*testi\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ā́ˀtei\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ati\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*tesàti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"ciosać\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"ciosać\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"person nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂kos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-āˀkas\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-akъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ak\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ak\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"By surface analysis,\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\", \"is_invisible\" : \"tree\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"ciesak\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"ciesak\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *tesakъ. By surface analysis, ciosać + -ak. Doublet of ciosak (“stonemason's pickaxe”) and tasak (“cleaver”).",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "sla-pro:*tesakъ",
        "4": ":af<surf>",
        "5": "ciosać",
        "6": "-ak",
        "doublet": "ciosak<t:stonemason's pickaxe>,tasak<t:cleaver>",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tesakъ. By surface analysis, ciosać + -ak. Doublet of ciosak (“stonemason's pickaxe”) and tasak (“cleaver”).",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tesakъ. By surface analysis, ciosać + -ak. Doublet of ciosak (“stonemason's pickaxe”) and tasak (“cleaver”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesaka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesaków",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesakowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesakom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesakiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesakami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesaku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesakach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesaku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciesaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "ciesak m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "cie‧sak"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "cie‧sak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ciesa",
        "2": "k",
        "3": "a"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages using etymon with no ID",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymon",
        "Polish 2-syllable words",
        "Polish doublets",
        "Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
        "Polish entries with etymology texts",
        "Polish entries with etymon",
        "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Polish inanimate nouns",
        "Polish lemmas",
        "Polish links with manual fragments",
        "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Polish masculine nouns",
        "Polish nouns",
        "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
        "Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *tetḱ-",
        "Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *teḱ-",
        "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
        "Polish terms suffixed with -ak",
        "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
        "Rhymes:Polish/ɛsak",
        "Rhymes:Polish/ɛsak/2 syllables",
        "pl:Tools",
        "pl:Woodworking"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "adze"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "woodworking",
          "woodworking"
        ],
        [
          "adze",
          "adze"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(woodworking) adze"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "cieślica"
        },
        {
          "word": "ciosła"
        },
        {
          "word": "cioska"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "arts",
        "business",
        "carpentry",
        "construction",
        "crafts",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "manufacturing",
        "woodworking"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡ɕɛ.sak/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛsak"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciesak"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ciesak meaning in All languages combined (8.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (f9fe161 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.